Unlike later Korean kingdoms, Tangun¡¯s capital was close to Pyongyang, not Seoul. And so, in 1994, as South Korea blazed ahead in the battle for economic and political legitimacy on the Korean peninsula, the North reached into the past to claim its own.
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It was said Tangun¡¯s father had come to earth from heaven near the holy Mount Paektu on North Korea¡¯s border with China. And despite all evidence to the contrary, it was also claimed as the birthplace of North Korea¡¯s late leader Kim Jong-il, and its ¡°founding father¡± Kim Il-sung¡¯s base for his anti-Japanese guerrilla struggle.
When it came into being in 1948, official history writers dated Kim Il-sung¡¯s Korea back to the year of his own birth. The now familiar Juche calendar, inaugurated in 1997, recalculated time from the year Kim Il-sung was said to have come to earth from heaven in 1912. Like some ancient creation myth newly minted, time itself began, or was renewed, with the birth of Kim Il-sung.
Equally importantly, in 1994 the renovation of Tangun¡¯s Tomb coincided with another multi-million dollar renovation of the Kumsusan Memorial Palace, in which the embalmed body of Kim Il-sung would be displayed, preserving him as the country¡¯s Eternal President.
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